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Table of content

• Introduction
    ✔ About Windows history
    ✔ MS-DOS
    ✔ The first versions of Windows
    ✔ Windows NT
    ✔ Windows versions based on Windows NT
    ✔ Windows Server
    ✔ Control Questions
• The tasks of an operating system
    ✔ About the construction of computers
    ✔ Central tasks for an operating system
    ✔ Control Questions
• Some concepts and terms of the Windows operating system
    ✔ Windows API
    ✔ .NET Framework
    ✔ Objects and Handles
    ✔ Windows runs in two modes
    ✔ Processes and threads
    ✔ Services, functions and routines
    ✔ Unicode
    ✔ Control Questions
• The architecture of Windows
    ✔ Some aims for the Windows NT operating system
    ✔ About the structure of Windows
    ✔ User mode
    ✔ Kernel mode
    ✔ Windows Executive Services
    ✔ The kernel
    ✔ Hardware Abstraction Layer
    ✔ Device Drivers
    ✔ The window and graphics system
    ✔ System Processes
    ✔ Control Questions
• System Mechanisms
    ✔ Interrupts
    ✔ Exceptions
    ✔ Object Manager
    ✔ 32-bit applications on a 64-bit operating system
    ✔ Control Questions
• Mechanisms for data management
    ✔ The Registry
    ✔ Configuration Manager
    ✔ Control Questions
• Processes, Threads and Jobs
    ✔ Processes
    ✔ Threads
    ✔ Fibers
    ✔ Jobs
    ✔ The Process Manager
    ✔ Multitasking
    ✔ Communication between processes
    ✔ Control Questions
• Synchronization of threads
    ✔ Threads cooperating
    ✔ Threads competing
    ✔ Critical region
    ✔ Mutual Exclusion
    ✔ Semaphore
    ✔ Mutex
    ✔ Some synchronization mechanisms in Windows
    ✔ Control Questions
• Process planning on one processor
    ✔ Voluntary and involuntary sharing of the processor
    ✔ Non-preemptive process planning
    ✔ Preemptive process planning
    ✔ Scheduling for various operating systems
    ✔ Context Switching
    ✔ Quantum
    ✔ About scheduling in Windows
    ✔ Control Questions
• Process planning on multiple processors
    ✔ Multi-core processors
    ✔ The organization of multiple processors
    ✔ Symmetric Multiprocessing
    ✔ Multiple processors and synchronization
    ✔ Process scheduling on multiple processors
    ✔ Multiprocessing in Windows
    ✔ Control Questions
• Deadlocks
    ✔ Examples of deadlocks
    ✔ Conditions for a deadlock to occur
    ✔ How the operating system can manage deadlocks
    ✔ Tools to find deadlocks
    ✔ Control Questions
• Memory Management
    ✔ Swapping
    ✔ Some memory models
    ✔ Virtual Memory
    ✔ Memory management in Windows
    ✔ The Memory Manager
    ✔ The Heap Manager
    ✔ Stacks
    ✔ Control Questions
• Caching in Windows
    ✔ The Cache Manager
    ✔ Control Questions
• Input and output
    ✔ Problems with input and output
    ✔ Block devices and character devices
    ✔ Data Streams
    ✔ Treatment of errors in input and output
    ✔ Synchronous and asynchronous input/output
    ✔ Use of a buffer
    ✔ Polling
    ✔ Interrupts
    ✔ Direct access to memory
    ✔ About drivers for input/output devices
    ✔ Input and output in Windows
    ✔ The Input/output Manager
    ✔ The Plug and Play Manager
    ✔ The Power Manager
    ✔ Control Questions
• File systems in Windows
    ✔ FAT
    ✔ NT File System
    ✔ Support for SSD disks
    ✔ File systems for CD-ROM and DVDs
    ✔ Control Questions
• Storage Management
    ✔ About storage on hard drives
    ✔ Organization of hard disks
    ✔ Storing data on servers
    ✔ Control Questions
• Networking Features in Windows
    ✔ Network Services
    ✔ Some network APIs
    ✔ About network drivers in Windows
    ✔ Control Questions
• Security in Windows
    ✔ About security in computer systems
    ✔ Security in Windows NT
    ✔ Security Mechanisms in Windows
    ✔ Defense against Spyware
    ✔ Virus Protection
    ✔ The firewall in Windows
    ✔ Windows Update
    ✔ Control Questions
• When Windows crashes
    ✔ The blue screen
    ✔ Some reasons that Windows can crash
    ✔ File dumping by system crash
    ✔ Control Questions

Table of content

I. Introduction to Linux
• Linux history
    ✔ 1969
    ✔ 1980s
    ✔ 1990s
    ✔ 2015
• Distributions
    ✔ Red Hat
    ✔ Ubuntu
    ✔ Debian
    ✔ Other
    ✔ Which to choose?
• Licensing
    ✔ About software licenses
    ✔ Public domain software and freeware
    ✔ Free Software or Open Source Software
    ✔ GNU General Public License
    ✔ Using GPLv3 software
    ✔ BSD license
    ✔ Other licenses
    ✔ Combination of software licenses
II. Installing Linux
• Installing Debian 8
    ✔ Debian
    ✔ Downloading
    ✔ Virtualbox networking
    ✔ Setting the hostname
    ✔ Adding a static ip address
    ✔ Debian package management
• Installing CentOS 7
    ✔ Download a CentOS 7 image
    ✔ Virtualbox
    ✔ CentOS 7 installing
    ✔ CentOS 7 first logon
    ✔ Virtualbox network interface
    ✔ Configuring the network
    ✔ Adding one static ip address
    ✔ Package management
    ✔ Logon from Linux and MacOSX
    ✔ Logon from MS Windows
• Getting Linux at home
    ✔ Download a Linux CD image
    ✔ Download Virtualbox
    ✔ Create a virtual machine
    ✔ Attach the CD image
    ✔ Install Linux
III. First steps on the command line
• Man pages
    ✔ man $command
    ✔ man $configfile
    ✔ man $daemon
    ✔ man -k (apropos)
    ✔ whatis
    ✔ whereis
    ✔ Man sections
    ✔ man $section $file
    ✔ man man
    ✔ mandb
• Working with directories
    ✔ pwd
    ✔ cd
    ✔ Absolute and relative paths
    ✔ Path completion
    ✔ ls
    ✔ mkdir
    ✔ rmdir
    ✔ Practice: working with directories
    ✔ Solution: working with directories
• Working with files
    ✔ All files are case sensitive
    ✔ Everything is a file
    ✔ file
    ✔ touch
    ✔ rm
    ✔ cp
    ✔ mv
    ✔ rename
    ✔ Practice: working with files
    ✔ Solution: working with files
• Working with file contents
    ✔ head
    ✔ tail
    ✔ cat
    ✔ tac
    ✔ more and less
    ✔ strings
    ✔ Practice: file contents
    ✔ Solution: file contents
• The Linux file tree
    ✔ Filesystem hierarchy standard
    ✔ man hier
    ✔ The root directory /
    ✔ Binary directories
    ✔ Configuration directories
    ✔ Data directories
    ✔ In memory directories
    ✔ /usr Unix System Resources
    ✔ /var variable data
    ✔ Practice: file system tree
    ✔ Solution: file system tree
IV. Shell expansion
• Commands and arguments
    ✔ Arguments
    ✔ White space removal
    ✔ Single quotes
    ✔ Double quotes
    ✔ echo and quotes
    ✔ Commands
    ✔ Aliases
    ✔ Displaying shell expansion
    ✔ Practice: commands and arguments
    ✔ Solution: commands and arguments
• Control operators
    ✔ ; Semicolon
    ✔ & Ampersand
    ✔ $? Dollar question mark
    ✔ && Double ampersand
    ✔ || Double vertical bar
    ✔ Combining && and ||
    ✔ # Pound sign
    ✔ \ Escaping special characters
    ✔ Practice: control operators
    ✔ Solution: control operators
• Shell variables
    ✔ $ Dollar sign
    ✔ Case sensitive
    ✔ Creating variables
    ✔ Quotes
    ✔ set
    ✔ unset
    ✔ $PS1
    ✔ $PATH
    ✔ env
    ✔ export
    ✔ Delineate variables
    ✔ Unbound variables
    ✔ Practice: shell variables
    ✔ Solution: shell variables
• Shell embedding and options
    ✔ Shell embedding
    ✔ Shell options
    ✔ Practice: shell embedding
    ✔ Solution: shell embedding
• Shell history
    ✔ Repeating the last command
    ✔ Repeating other commands
    ✔ history
    ✔ !n
    ✔ Ctrl-r
    ✔ $HISTSIZE
    ✔ $HISTFILE
    ✔ $HISTFILESIZE
    ✔ Prevent recording a command
    ✔ (Optional) Regular expressions
    ✔ (Optional) Korn shell history
    ✔ Practice: shell history
    ✔ Solution: shell history
• File globbing
    ✔ * Asterisk
    ✔ ? Question mark
    ✔ [] Square brackets
    ✔ a-z and 0-9 ranges
    ✔ $LANG and square brackets
    ✔ Preventing file globbing
    ✔ Practice: shell globbing
    ✔ Solution: shell globbing
V. Pipes and commands
• I/O redirection
    ✔ stdin, stdout, and stderr
    ✔ Output redirection
    ✔ Error redirection
    ✔ Output redirection and pipes
    ✔ Joining stdout and stderr
    ✔ Input redirection
    ✔ Confusing redirection
    ✔ Quick file clear
    ✔ Practice: input/output redirection
    ✔ Solution: input/output redirection
• Filters
    ✔ cat
    ✔ tee
    ✔ grep
    ✔ cut
    ✔ tr
    ✔ wc
    ✔ sort
    ✔ uniq
    ✔ comm
    ✔ od
    ✔ sed
    ✔ pipe examples
    ✔ practice: filters
    ✔ solution: filters
• Basic Unix tools
    ✔ find
    ✔ locate
    ✔ date
    ✔ cal
    ✔ sleep
    ✔ time
    ✔ gzip – gunzip
    ✔ zcat – zmore
    ✔ bzip2 – bunzip2
    ✔ bzcat – bzmore
    ✔ practice: basic Unix tools
    ✔ solution: basic Unix tools
• Regular expressions
    ✔ Regex versions
    ✔ grep
    ✔ rename
    ✔ sed
    ✔ bash history
VI. vi
• Introduction to vi
    ✔ Command mode and insert mode
    ✔ Start typing (a A i I o O)
    ✔ Replace and delete a character (r x X)
    ✔ Undo and repeat (u .)
    ✔ Cut, copy and paste a line (dd yy p P)
    ✔ Cut, copy and paste lines (3dd 2yy)
    ✔ Start and end of a line (0 or ^ and $)
    ✔ Join two lines (J) and more
    ✔ Words (w b)
    ✔ Save (or not) and exit (:w :q :q! )
    ✔ Searching (/ ?)
    ✔ Replace all ( :1,$ s/foo/bar/g )
    ✔ Reading files (:r :r !cmd)
    ✔ Text buffers
    ✔ Multiple files
    ✔ Abbreviations
    ✔ Key mappings
    ✔ Setting options
    ✔ Practice: vi(m)
    ✔ Solution: vi(m)
VII. Scripting
• Scripting introduction
    ✔ Prerequisites
    ✔ Hello world
    ✔ She-bang
    ✔ Comment
    ✔ Variables
    ✔ Sourcing a script
    ✔ Troubleshooting a script
    ✔ Prevent setuid root spoofing
    ✔ Practice: introduction to scripting
    ✔ Solution: introduction to scripting
• Scripting loops
    ✔ Test [ ]
    ✔ If then else
    ✔ If then elif
    ✔ For loop
    ✔ While loop
    ✔ Until loop
    ✔ Practice: scripting tests and loops
    ✔ Solution: scripting tests and loops
• Scripting parameters
    ✔ Script parameters
    ✔ Shift through parameters
    ✔ Runtime input
    ✔ Sourcing a config file
    ✔ Get script options with getopts
    ✔ Get shell options with shopt
    ✔ Practice: parameters and options
    ✔ Solution: parameters and options
• More scripting
    ✔ Eval
    ✔ (( ))
    ✔ Let
    ✔ Case
    ✔ Shell functions
    ✔ Practice : more scripting
    ✔ Solution : more scripting
VIII. Local user management
• Introduction to users
    ✔ whoami
    ✔ who
    ✔ who am i
    ✔ w
    ✔ id
    ✔ su to another user
    ✔ su to root
    ✔ su as root
    ✔ su – $username
    ✔ su
    ✔ Run a program as another user
    ✔ Visudo
    ✔ Sudo su
    ✔ Sudo logging
    ✔ Practice: introduction to users
    ✔ Solution: introduction to users
• User management
    ✔ User management
    ✔ /etc/passwd
    ✔ root
    ✔ useradd
    ✔ /etc/default/useradd
    ✔ userdel
    ✔ usermod
    ✔ Creating home directories
    ✔ /etc/skel/
    ✔ Deleting home directories
    ✔ Login shell
    ✔ chsh
    ✔ Practice: user management
    ✔ Solution: user management
• User passwords
    ✔ passwd
    ✔ shadow file
    ✔ Encryption with passwd
    ✔ Encryption with openssl
    ✔ Encryption with crypt
    ✔ /etc/login.defs
    ✔ chage
    ✔ Disabling a password
    ✔ Editing local files
    ✔ Practice: user passwords
    ✔ Solution: user passwords
• User profiles
    ✔ System profile
    ✔ ~/.bash_profile
    ✔ ~/.bash_login
    ✔ ~/.profile
    ✔ ~/.bashrc
    ✔ ~/.bash_logout
    ✔ Debian overview
    ✔ RHEL5 overview
    ✔ Practice: user profiles
    ✔ Solution: user profiles
• Groups
    ✔ groupadd
    ✔ Group file
    ✔ groups
    ✔ usermod
    ✔ groupmod
    ✔ groupdel
    ✔ gpasswd
    ✔ newgrp
    ✔ vigr
    ✔ Practice: groups
    ✔ Solution: groups
IX. File security
• Standard file permissions
    ✔ File ownership
    ✔ List of special files
    ✔ Permissions
    ✔ Practice: standard file permissions
    ✔ Solution: standard file permissions
• Advanced file permissions
    ✔ Sticky bit on directory
    ✔ Setgid bit on directory
    ✔ Setgid and setuid on regular files
    ✔ Setuid on sudo
    ✔ Practice: sticky, setuid and setgid bits
    ✔ Solution: sticky, setuid and setgid bits
• Access control lists
    ✔ ACL in /etc/fstab
    ✔ getfacl
    ✔ setfacl
    ✔ Remove an ACL entry
    ✔ Remove the complete ACL
    ✔ The ACL mask
    ✔ Eiciel
• File links
    ✔ Inodes
    ✔ About directories
    ✔ Hard links
    ✔ Symbolic links
    ✔ Removing links
    ✔ Practice : links
    ✔ Solution : links

Table of content

• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Definition of Operating System
✔ Evolution of Operating Systems
✔ General Categories of Operating System
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Overview of Process
✔ Components of Process
✔ Process States
✔ Types of Process
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Multithreading
✔ Thread implementation
✔ Thread Management
✔ Concurrency and Its Problems
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Overview of Process Scheduling
✔ Schedular
✔ Scheduling
✔ Process scheduling policies
✔ Context switch and the interrupt handler
✔ Scheduling criteria
✔ Scheduling Algorithms
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Dead lock conditions
✔ Resource-Allocation (R-A) Graph
✔ Deadlock Handling Mechanisms
✔ Deadlock Detection
✔ Deadlock Recovery
✔ Deadlock Avoidance
✔ Deadlock Prevention
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Swapping
✔ Partitions
✔ Paging
✔ Implementation of Paging
✔ Hierarchical Page Table
✔ Address Translation with a 2-Level Page Table
✔ Segmentation
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ The Optimal Page Replacement Algorithm (PRA)
✔ The Not Recently Used (NRU) PRA
✔ First In, First Out (FIFO) PRA
✔ Second chance PRA
✔ Clock PRA
✔ Last In, First Out (LIFO) PRA
✔ Least Recently Used (LRU) PRA
✔ The Aging PRA
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Characteristics of I/O Devices
✔ Principles of I/O hardware
✔ Principles of I/O Software
✔ Disk
✔ Disk Scheduling Algorithms
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ File Naming
✔ File Types
✔ File Attributes
✔ File Operations
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ File Organization
✔ Directory Organization
✔ File System Hierarchy
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ File system layout
✔ File Storage Allocation Methods
✔ Directory implementation
✔ File sharing
✔ Disk Space Management
✔ File System Reliability
✔ File System Consistency
✔ File System Performance
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Key Terms
✔ System Security Objectives
✔ System Security Attacks
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Design principles of an Operating System
✔ Cryptography
✔ User Authentication
✔ Access Control
• Unit Structure
✔ Learning Objectives
✔ Introduction
✔ Windows 10 Upgrade Installation
✔ Windows 10 Clean installation
✔ Windows 10 out-of-box experience
✔ Install Microsoft 365 or Office 2019 on a PC
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